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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Dear Erin:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>If you are looking only for an emission
factor to apply to purchased electricity, it is generally acceptable to use a
simple average emission factor for the relevant grid. This is the approach
recommended under the WRI/WBCSD GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting
Standard. Unfortunately, we do not have average emission factors for <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Fiji</st1:country-region> or <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Papua New Guinea</st1:country-region></st1:place> in our
“indirect CO2 emissions” calculation tool (available at <a
href="http://www.ghgprotocol.org/">http://www.ghgprotocol.org</a>). As Mr.
Langham noted, appropriate average emission factors for <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Fiji</st1:country-region></st1:place> may vary from island to
island.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>If you are looking to calculate marginal
emission factors for displaced or avoided electricity (e.g., for renewable
energy projects), then CDM methodologies will generally be appropriate. I would
also note that the GHG Protocol Initiative has recently published a supplement
to our “GHG Protocol for Project Accounting” focused on estimating
marginal grid emission factors. I am sending a separate announcement to the GHG
Network list that describes these guidelines in more detail.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Best Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Derik Broekhoff<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Senior Associate</span></font><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>World Resources Institute</span></font><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Climate and Energy Program</span></font><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:address w:st="on"><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>10 G Street NE</span></font></st1:address><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><font size=2
color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>Washington</span></font></st1:City><font size=2 color=navy
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>, <st1:State
w:st="on">DC</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode w:st="on">20002</st1:PostalCode></span></font></st1:place><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>(202) 729-7628</span></font><font
color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><a href="mailto:dbroekhoff@wri.org">dbroekhoff@wri.org</a>
</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
discuss-bounces@ghgnetwork.org [mailto:discuss-bounces@ghgnetwork.org] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Edward Langham<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, October 08, 2007
5:10 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> 'Erin Lehner';
discuss@ghgnetwork.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [GHG Network] Fiji
& PNG Electricity Emissions Factors</span></font><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Erin</span></font></st1:place><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>This information for <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Fiji</st1:country-region></st1:place> is kept on the “National
Energy Statistics Database” at the Fiji Department of Energy, although I
have not been there for a few years so cannot vouch for how well updated it
is. The contact is Inia Saula on <a href="mailto:energy@fdoe.gov.fj">energy@fdoe.gov.fj</a>
True emissions factors in Fiji depend strongly on the island
on which the project is located although I have seen emissions reductions
projects considered to be “at the margin” calculated using standard
emissions factors for diesel fuel. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Also, I believe there was a relatively
recent CDM methodology for a hydro project on the main island which was
submitted to the secretariat which might be able to guide you. Check out the
UNFCCC website for this.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I’ve no idea about PNG though
unfortunately.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Kind regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Ed Langham<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Electric Power Corporation<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:City w:st="on"><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Apia</span></font></st1:City><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>, <st1:place w:st="on">Samoa</st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
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face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
discuss-bounces@ghgnetwork.org [mailto:discuss-bounces@ghgnetwork.org] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Erin Lehner<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, October 05, 2007
3:57 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> discuss@ghgnetwork.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [GHG Network] Fiji &
PNG Electricity Emissions Factors</span></font><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Looking
for guidance on a reasonable emissions factor for purchased electricity for
both <st1:country-region w:st="on">Fiji</st1:country-region> and <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Papua New Guinea</st1:country-region></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Thanks!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Erin
Lehner<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>elehner@clearcarbonconsulting.com<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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